The bacterial flagellum is a complex apparatus assembled of more than 20 different
proteins. The flagellar basal body traverses the cell wall, whereas the curved hook connects …

Inflammasomes are signalling platforms that sense a diverse range of microbial products
and also a number of stress and damage associated endogenous signals. Inflammasome …

The host takes use of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to defend against pathogen
invasion or cellular damage. Among microorganism-associated molecular patterns detected …

Abstract Interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), which is secreted by host tissues leading to periodontal
tissue inflammation, is a major pro‐inflammatory cytokine in the pathogenesis of periodontal …

Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that serve as a platform for caspase-1 activation
and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) maturation as well as pyroptosis. Though a number of …

NLRs are a class of cytoplasmic PRRs with various functions, ranging from
pathogen/damage sensing to the modulation of inflammatory signaling and transcriptional …

Bladder inflammation (cystitis) underlies numerous bladder pathologies and is elicited by a
plethora of agents such as urinary tract infections, bladder outlet obstruction …

Activation of the inflammasome occurs in response to infection with a wide array of
pathogenic microbes. The inflammasome serves as a platform to activate caspase-1, which …

The packaging of chromatin into the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell requires an extraordinary
degree of compaction and physical organization. In recent years, it has been shown that this …

Both animals and plants express intracellular innate immunity receptors known as NLR
(NOD-like receptors or nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat receptors …