Vascular complications of diabetes pose a severe threat to human health. Prevention and
treatment protocols based on a single vascular complication are no longer suitable for the …

Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles that serve as mediators for cell-to-cell communication.
With their unique nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids cargo compositions that reflect the …

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles 40–160 nm in diameter that are secreted by
almost all cell types. Exosomes can carry diverse cargo including RNA, DNA, lipids …

Poor wound healing can seriously affect the health of patients with diabetes and result in a
heavy medical burden. Recently, exosomes have been considered the key substances …

Injury of oligodendrocytes (OLs) induces demyelination, and patients with
neurodegenerative diseases exhibit demyelination concomitantly with neurological deficit …

Exosomes are nanoscale-sized membrane vesicles secreted by almost all cell types into the
extracellular environment upon fusion of multivesicular bodies and plasma membrane …

The pathogenic mechanisms underlying distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN), a
common neuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), are not fully understood. Here …

As nano-scale biological vesicles, extracellular vesicles (EVs)/exosomes, in particular,
exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-exosomes), have been studied in …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been a devastating public health with the development of
global aging. Approaches for reducing the current AD epidemic are becoming a primary …

Background Exosomes are considered a substitute for stem cell-based therapy for
myocardial infarction (MI). FNDC5, a transmembrane protein located in the cytoplasm, plays …