Both preclinical and clinical studies implicate functional impairments of several neuroactive
metabolites of the kynurenine pathway (KP), the major degradative cascade of the essential …

Neuroendocrine control mediated by glucocorticoids is important for maintaining the normal
functioning of the brain and the balance between the excitation and inhibition systems …

Medicinal treatment against epilepsy is faced with intractable problems, especially
epileptogenesis that cannot be blocked by clinical antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) during the …

Background Epilepsy-associated dysbiosis in gut microbiota has been previously described,
but the mechanistic roles of the gut microbiome in epileptogenesis among children with …

Background Epileptic (previously infantile) spasms is the most common epileptic
encephalopathy occurring during infancy and is frequently associated with abnormal …

Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO), a key player in the kynurenine pathway (KP) of
tryptophan degradation, regulates the synthesis of the neuroactive metabolites 3 …

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of intractable epilepsy where
hyperactive glutamate receptors may contribute to the complex epileptogenic network hubs …

Glutamate-receptor-mediated hyperexcitability contributes to seizure generation in temporal
lobe epilepsy (TLE). Tryptophan–kynurenine pathway (TKP) metabolites regulate glutamate …

Epilepsy affects millions of people worldwide, about one-third patients with epilepsy exhibits
resistance to available antiseizures medications, known as drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) …

Benzodiazepines (BDZ) such as diazepam and lorazepam are popular as first-line treatment
for acute seizures due to their rapid action and high efficacy. However, long-term usage of …