Cells migrate in multiple different ways depending on their environment, which includes the
extracellular matrix composition, interactions with other cells, and chemical stimuli. For all …

The main purposes of Integrin-mediated cell contacts are to interpret bi-directional signals
between the extracellular environment and intracellular proteins, as well as, anchor the cell …

Neutrophil (PMN) infiltration of the intestinal mucosa often leads to severe epithelial injury;
however, how this process occurs is unclear. This article describes a novel mechanism …

Epithelial cell function is modulated by mechanical forces imparted by the extracellular
environment. The transmission of forces onto the cytoskeleton by modalities such as …

Preterm birth is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Although microbial
invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) is associated with most early preterm births, the …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a general term to describe inflammatory diseases of the
gastrointestinal tract such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. IBD affects …

Inflammatory diseases of mucosal organs are significantly influenced by the
microenvironment in which they reside. Cytokines found within this microenvironment …

Background The brain barriers establish compartments in the central nervous system (CNS)
that significantly differ in their communication with the peripheral immune system. In this …

Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressant for treating ulcerative colitis (UC).
However, owing to severe systemic side effects, CsA application in UC therapy remains …

Migraine is a common brain-disorder that affects 15% of the population. Converging
evidence shows that migraine is associated with gastrointestinal disorders. However, the …