Plant roots associate with diverse microbes (including bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists, and
viruses) collectively called the root-associated microbiome. Among them, mycorrhizal fungi …

In natural systems, plant–symbiont–pathogen interactions play important roles in mitigating
abiotic and biotic stresses in plants. Symbionts have their own special recognition ways, but …

Orchids form mycorrhizal symbioses with fungi in natural habitats that affect their seed
germination, protocorm growth, and adult nutrition. An increasing number of studies …

Orchids are among the most endangered in the plant kingdom. Lack of endosperm in their
seeds renders orchids to depend on nutrients provided by orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF) for …

The Orchidaceae family accounts for about 28,000 species, and most of them are mentioned
in the folk medicine of nations around the world. The use of terrestrial orchids in European …

Plants and microbes (mycorrhizal fungi to be precise) have evolved together over the past
millions of years into an association that is mutualist. The plants supply the fungi with …

Background Symbiotic associations of endophytic fungi have been proved by possessing an
ability to produce hormones and metabolites for their host plant. Members of the …

Mycorrhizae are ubiquitous symbioses established between fungi and plant roots. Orchids,
in particular, require compatible mycorrhizal fungi for seed germination and protocorm …

Stable isotope signatures of fungal sporocarps have been instrumental in identifying carbon
gains of chlorophyllous orchids from a fungal source. Yet, not all mycorrhizal fungi produce …

Growing research suggests that endophytic fungi deeply affect plant physiology,
development, and metabolism, which has become an indispensable subject in plant …