A relationship between transposable elements (TEs) and the eukaryotic stress response
was suggested in the first publications describing TEs. Since then, it has often been …

Differentiated sex chromosomes in mammals and other vertebrates evolved independently
but in strikingly similar ways. Vertebrates with differentiated sex chromosomes share the …

A contribution of DNA methylation to defense against invading nucleic acids and
maintenance of genome integrity is uncontested; however, our understanding of the extent …

Anthocyanin pigments contribute to the red color of apple (Malus× domestica) fruit and have
a major influence on their ornamental, dietary and market value. In this study, we …

Evolutionary processes have evolved plants to cope with several different natural stresses.
Basic physiological activities of crop plants are significantly harmed by these stresses …

Long noncoding RNA s (lnc RNA s) are transcripts of at least 200 bp in length, possess no
apparent coding capacity and are involved in various biological regulatory processes. Until …

Epigenetic modifications play a vital role in the preservation of genome integrity and in the
regulation of gene expression. DNA methylation, one of the key mechanisms of epigenetic …

DNA methylation functions in gene silencing and the maintenance of genome integrity. In
plants, non-CG DNA methylation is linked through a self-reinforcing loop with histone 3 …

Heterosis has been widely exploited in plants and animals, and also revolutionized
agriculture by improving important agronomic traits. However, the molecular mechanism is …

Long non‐coding RNA s (lnc RNA s) serve as versatile regulators of plant growth and
development. The potential functions and inheritance patterns of lnc RNA s, as well as the …