Miscarriage is generally defined as the loss of a pregnancy before viability. An estimated 23
million miscarriages occur every year worldwide, translating to 44 pregnancy losses each …

Recurrent pregnancy loss is a distressing pregnancy disorder experienced by~ 2.5% of
women trying to conceive. Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as the failure of two or more …

Women undergo important changes in sex hormones throughout their lifetime that can
impact cardiovascular disease risk. Whereas the traditional cardiovascular risk factors …

STUDY QUESTION What are the updates for the recommended management of women with
recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) based on the best available evidence in the literature from …

BACKGROUND Uterine natural killer cells (uNK) are the most abundant lymphocytes found
in the decidua during implantation and in first trimester pregnancy. They are important for …

We herein summarise the evidence concerning the impact of sperm DNA fragmentation in
various clinical infertility scenarios and the advances on sperm DNA fragmentation tests …

Its semi-allogeneic nature renders the conceptus vulnerable to attack by the maternal
immune system. Several protective mechanisms operate during gestation to correct the …

Women who have had repeated miscarriages often have uncertainties about the cause, the
likelihood of recurrence, the investigations they need, and the treatments that might help …

Despite advances in the field of male reproductive health, idiopathic male infertility, in which
a man has altered semen characteristics without an identifiable cause and there is no …

BACKGROUND Although spontaneous miscarriage is the most common complication of
human pregnancy, potential contributing factors are not fully understood. Advanced …