In agro-ecosystem, plant pathogens hamper food quality, crop yield, and global food
security. Manipulation of naturally occurring defense mechanisms in host plants is an …

Chitin is one of the most diverse and naturally occurring biopolymers, and it is mainly
present in crustaceans, insects, and fungi. Chitosan is derived from chitin by deacetylation …

Over the past several decades, we have observed a very rapid development in the
biotechnological use of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in various branches of the food industry. All …

Emerging pollutants in nature are linked to various acute and chronic detriments in biotic
components and subsequently deteriorate the ecosystem with serious hazards …

Contamination of aquatic systems with pharmaceuticals, personal care products, steroid
hormones, and agrochemicals has been an immense problem for the earth's ecosystem and …

Proteases have gained significant scientific and industrial interest due to their unique
biocatalytic characteristics and broad-spectrum applications in different industries. The …

Bacillus spp. are an affordable source of enzymes due to their wide distribution, safety in
work, ease of cultivation, and susceptibility to genetic transformations. Researchers are …

Proteases (proteinases or peptidases) are a class of hydrolases that cleave peptide chains
in proteins. Endopeptidases are a type of protease that hydrolyze the internal peptide bonds …

Proteases are ubiquitous enzymes, having significant physiological roles in both synthesis
and degradation. The use of microbial proteases in food fermentation is an age-old process …

Papain is a cysteine protease from papaya, with many applications due to its broad
specificity. This paper reviews for first time the immobilization of papain on different supports …