Background Neural responses in visual cortex depend not only on sensory input but also on
behavioral context. One such context is locomotion, which modulates single-neuron activity …

Computations in neocortical circuits are predominantly driven by synaptic integration of
excitatory glutamatergic and inhibitory GABAergic inputs. New optical, electrophysiological …

Non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation (NTBS) techniques have a wide range of
applications but also suffer from a number of limitations mainly related to poor specificity of …

Internal states of the brain profoundly influence behavior. Fluctuating states such as
alertness can be governed by neuromodulation, but the underlying mechanisms and cell …

Cortical inhibitory neurons exhibit remarkable diversity in their morphology, connectivity, and
synaptic properties. Here, we review the function of somatostatin-expressing (SOM) …

Internal brain states affect sensory perception, cognition, and learning. Many neocortical
areas exhibit changes in the pattern and synchrony of neuronal activity during quiet versus …

For the last 30 years, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) approaches, using transcranial
magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct or alternating current stimulation (TCS) …

The adult brain continues to learn and can recover from injury, but the elements and
operation of the neural circuits responsible for this plasticity are not known. In previous work …

A commonly held view is that extended wakefulness is causal for a broad spectrum of
deleterious effects at molecular, cellular, network, physiological, psychological, and …

Behavioral states can influence performance of goal-directed sensorimotor tasks. Yet, it is
unclear how altered neuronal sensory representations in these states relate to task …