Metabolic syndrome (MetS) can lead to increase of insulin resistance (IR) and visceral
adipose tissue production of adipocytokines. 6-gingerol is known to have antioxidant and …

Milk exosomes (mExos) have demonstrated significant promise as vehicles for the oral
administration of protein and peptide drugs owing to their superior capacity to traverse …

Simultaneous activation of the incretin G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) via
unimolecular dual-receptor agonists (UDRA) has emerged as a new therapeutic approach …

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (DPP-4) expressed on the surface of many different cells is a
promising target to develop new candidates for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) …

Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, has gained considerable
attention as a therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Despite its clinical …

Diabetes, a metabolic disease caused by abnormally high levels of blood glucose, has a
high prevalence rate worldwide and causes a series of complications, including coronary …

Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus are currently among the diseases with the
highest morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis and development of these diseases …

Introduction The use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors may be associated with an
increased risk of gallbladder and bile duct disease among patients with type 2 diabetes …

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder among women of
reproductive age. The incidence ranges from approx. 6% to 20%. PCOS is characterized by …

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone, mainly produced by
enteroendocrine L cells, which participates in the regulation of glucose homeostasis, and in …