Advances in statistical analysis in the last few decades in the area of linear models
enhanced the capability of researchers to study environmental procedures. In relation to …

Recently, many researchers paid more attentions to the association between air pollution
and respiratory system disease. In the past few years, levels of smog have increased …

Highlights•Spatio-temporal patterns of all diseases burden attributed to ambient PM2. 5
were assessed worldwide.•The global age-standardized burden rate showed little change …

Importance The US Environmental Protection Agency is required to reexamine its National
Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) every 5 years, but evidence of mortality risk is …

Despite past improvements in air quality, very large parts of the population in urban areas
breathe air that does not meet European standards let alone the health-based World Health …

Traffic-related sources have been recognized as a significant contributor of particulate
matter particularly within major cities. Exhaust and non-exhaust traffic-related sources are …

The global spatiotemporal pattern of the COPD burden attributable to ambient PM2. 5 is
unknown in the context of the continuing increase in exposure to ambient PM2. 5. Data on …

Concern over the health effects of fine particles in the ambient environment led the US
Environmental Protection Agency to develop the first standard for PM 2.5 (particulate matter …

Abstract The World Health Organization estimates that particulate matter (PM) air pollution
contributes to approximately 800,000 premature deaths each year, ranking it the 13th …

Particulate matter (PM) is a complex, heterogeneous mixture that changes in time and
space. It encompasses many different chemical components and physical characteristics …