Abiotic stresses, such as heat, drought, salinity, low temperature, and heavy metals, inhibit
plant growth and reduce crop productivity. Abiotic stresses are becoming increasingly …

Plants encounter various abiotic stresses due to their sessile nature which include heavy
metals, salt, drought, nutrient deficiency, light intensity, pesticide contamination, as well as …

Photosynthesis sustains plant life on earth and is indispensable for plant growth and
development. Factors such as unfavorable environmental conditions, stress regulatory …

Phenolic compounds are an important class of plant secondary metabolites which play
crucial physiological roles throughout the plant life cycle. Phenolics are produced under …

A large number of reviews have discussed many aspects of oxidative burst due to plant
exposure to biotic and abiotic stresses, including the dual role of reactive oxygen species …

The phytotoxicity of chromium (Cr) makes it obligatory for the researchers to develop
strategies that seek to hinder its accumulation in food chains. While, protective role of …

Excessive chromium (Cr) causes toxicity to plants, while the beneficial effects of selenium
(Se) have been verified in plants under various adverse conditions. Under Cr stress, the …

Phenolic compounds are plant secondary metabolites that play a vital role in plant
resistance. They are mainly synthetized from the amino acid L-phenylalanine, which is …

Chromium (Cr), a highly toxic redox-active metal cation in soil, seriously threatens global
agriculture by affecting nutrient uptake and disturbing various physio-biochemical processes …

The chromium (Cr) induced phytotoxicity avowed the scientific community to develop stress
mitigation strategies to restrain the Cr accumulation inside the food chain. Whereas …