Labor pain is among the most severe types of physical pain that women may experience
during their lifetime. Thus, pain relief is an essential part of medical care during childbirth …

Objectives Water immersion during labour using a birth pool to achieve relaxation and pain
relief during the first and possibly part of the second stage of labour is an increasingly …

Background Labor pain and anxiety are important concerns during labor, especially among
the primigravidae. It may increase the duration of labor, increase stress hormones, and affect …

A patient's sense of empowerment and control is most predictive of maternal satisfaction with
childbirth. Analgesia during labor greatly affects this experience. Individual patient priorities …

Background Many women would like to avoid pharmacological or invasive methods of pain
management in labour and this may contribute towards the popularity of complementary …

Childbirth is a remarkable, life-changing process and is frequently regarded as an
excruciating, physically and emotionally demanding experience that women endure. Labor …

Introduction Labour pain is among the severest pains primigravidae may experience during
pregnancy. Failure to address labour pain and anxiety may lead to abnormal labour. Despite …

Background Non-pharmacological interventions hold promise in reducing labour pain, with
minimal or no harm to the mother, foetus and the progress of labour and are simple and cost …

Background Labour pain has been identified as an important reason for women to prefer
caesarean section (CS). Fentanyl is one of the short acting opioids recommended by World …

Background Extreme labor pain has negative effects; pharmacologic analgesic modalities
are effective but are accompanied by adverse effects. Virtual reality (VR) works as a …