A wealth of evidence supports the role of tumor immunotherapy as a vital therapeutic option
in cancer. In recent decades, accumulated studies have revealed the anticancer activities of …

The large Trp gene family encodes transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins that form
novel cation-selective ion channels. In mammals, 28 Trp channel genes have been …

Leptin is a hormone produced by the adipose tissue that acts in the brain, stimulating white
fat breakdown. We find that the lipolytic effect of leptin is mediated through the action of …

Capsaicin, the main pungent ingredient in 'hot'chilli peppers, elicits a sensation of burning
pain by selectively activating sensory neurons that convey information about noxious stimuli …

The capsaicin (vanilloid) receptor VR1 is a cation channel expressed by primary sensory
neurons of the “pain” pathway. Heterologously expressed VR1 can be activated by vanilloid …

Background: Diclofenac is a proven, commonly prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drug (NSAID) that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties, and has been …

The study of pain in awake animals raises ethical, philosophical, and technical problems.
We review the ethical standards for studying pain in animals and emphasize that there are …

(−)‐Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non‐psychotropic component of Cannabis with possible
therapeutic use as an anti‐inflammatory drug. Little is known on the possible molecular …

The results of neural tracing studies suggest that vagal afferent fibers in cervical and thoracic
branches innervate the esophagus, lower airways, heart, aorta, and possibly the thymus …

▪ Abstract The detection of painful stimuli occurs primarily at the peripheral terminals of
specialized sensory neurons called nociceptors. These small-diameter neurons transduce …