Background Bipolar depression constitutes a major public health problem due to its
substantial burden of disease. Although pharmacological interventions are available …

The etiopathogenesis of mental disorders is not fully understood and accumulating evidence
support that clinical symptomatology cannot be assigned to a single gene mutation, but it …

Lithium has been a drug for bipolar disorders (BD) for over 70 years; however, its usage has
been limited by its narrow therapeutic window (between 0.6 and 1.2 mM). Understanding the …

Unlike many other biologically relevant ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl−, etc) and protons, whose
cellular concentrations are closely regulated by highly selective channel proteins, Li+ ion is …

Gut microbiota, also known as the “second brain” in humans because of the regulatory role it
has on the central nervous system via neuronal, chemical and immune pathways. It has …

Abstract Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) are frequently present in the general
population as patients age with approximately a third of individuals experiencing LUTS …

Trauma exposure is one of the most important and prevalent risk factors for mental and
physical ill-health. Prolonged or excessive stress exposure increases the risk of a wide …

Understanding the fundamental processes of human brain development and diseases is of
great importance for our health. However, existing research models such as non-human …

Background Perinatal and prenatal risk factors may be implicated in the development of
bipolar disorder, but literature lacks a comprehensive account of possible associations …

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a prevalent mental health illness with a direct impact
on patient's well-being. Self-report-based BD screening questionnaires such as the Mood …