Fluorescence-guided surgery using tumour-targeted imaging agents has emerged over the
past decade as a promising and effective method of intraoperative cancer detection. An …

Surgery and drug therapy are the two principal options for cancer treatment. However, their
clinical benefits are hindered by the difficulty of accurate location of the tumors and timely …

Real-time intraoperative guidance is essential during oncological surgery for complete and
safe tumour resection. Fluorescence imaging in the near-infrared spectrum has shown …

Quantum dots (QDs) exhibit unique physicochemical and optical properties that are suitable
for photovoltaic cells, light-emitting diodes, and optoelectronic devices; however, unlike …

Optical imaging has played a pivotal role in biology and medicine, but it faces challenges of
relatively low tissue penetration and poor signal‐to‐background ratio due to light scattering …

Fluorescent imaging of biological systems in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II) can
probe tissue at centimetre depths and achieve micrometre-scale resolution at depths of …

Importance The application of indocyanine green (ICG) imaging in laparoscopic radical
gastrectomy is in the preliminary stages of clinical practice, and its safety and efficacy remain …

The ability to gain spatiotemporal information, and in some cases achieve spatiotemporal
control, in the context of drug delivery makes theranostic fluorescent probes an attractive …

Surgical resection of cancer remains an important treatment modality. Despite advances in
preoperative imaging, surgery itself is primarily guided by the surgeon's ability to locate …

There is growing interest in using fluorescence imaging instruments to guide surgery, and
the leading options for open-field imaging are reviewed here. While the clinical fluorescence …