Human tissue Kallikrein-related peptidases (hKLKs) are serine proteases distributed in
several tissues and involved in several biological processes. In skin, they are responsible for …

Traditional opioids, mainly alkaloids, have been used in the clinical management of pain for
a number of years but are often associated with numerous side-effects including sedation …

Background and Aim Acupuncture applied at myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) of distant
anatomical regions, to reduce pain in a patient's area of primary complaint, is one strategy …

There are many processes in which the neuropeptide nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ or
nociceptin) is involved in the brain. The role of nociceptin in learning and memory holds …

Birdsong consists of species-specific learned vocal sequences that are used primarily to
attract mates and to repel competitors during the breeding season. However, many birds …

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) is an emerging therapeutic approach
that combines the effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) with …

The neurobiological mechanisms that regulate the development and maintenance of alcohol
use disorder (AUD) are complex and involve a wide variety of within and between systems …

Background: The hypothalamus harbors high levels of cholinergic neurons and axon
terminals. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which play an important role in cholinergic …

Background: Research has demonstrated that short meditation training may yield higher
pain tolerance in acute experimental pain. Our study aimed at examining underlying …

Postpartum uterine infections are common reproductive diseases in postpartum cows.
Evidence has shown that plasma β-endorphins increase during bovine uterine inflammation …