Following a conversation in a crowded restaurant or at a lively party poses immense
perceptual challenges for some individuals with normal hearing thresholds. A number of …

Reading and speech-in-noise perception, fundamental aspects of human communication,
have been linked to neural indices of auditory brainstem function. However, how these …

Sound processing in the cochlea is modulated by cholinergic efferent axons arising from
medial olivocochlear neurons in the brainstem. These axons contact outer hair cells in the …

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing α9 subunits are essential for the auditory
function and have been implicated, along with α7-containing nicotinic receptors, as potential …

This study concerns contralateral white noise suppression of transient evoked otoacoustic
emissions (TEOAEs) in children with auditory processing disorder (APD). Fifty-one children …

The neural mechanisms underlying the ability of human listeners to recognize speech in the
presence of background noise are still imperfectly understood. However, there is mounting …

In this chapter we deal with the ways in which the two olivocochlear (OC) efferent systems,
the medial (MOC) and lateral (LOC) systems, change the operation of the cochlea and how …

The high sensitivity and frequency selectivity of the mammalian cochlea is due to
amplification produced by outer hair cells (OHCs) and controlled by medial olivocochlear …

A clinical test for the strength of the medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) might be valuable
as a predictor of individuals at risk for acoustic trauma or for explaining why some people …

This review addresses the putative role of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex in
psychophysical masking and intensity resolution in humans. A framework for interpreting …