Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are generated through various endogenous
and exogenous processes; however, they are neutralized by enzymatic and non-enzymatic …

Skin aging is one of the most evident signs of human aging. Modification of the skin during
the life span is characterized by fine lines and wrinkling, loss of elasticity and volume, laxity …

Abstract Since the Great Oxidation Event, about 2.4 billion years ago, the Earth is immersed
in an oxidizing atmosphere. Thus, it has been proposed that excess oxygen, originally a …

Aging is a major cause of many degenerative diseases. The most intuitive consequence of
aging is mainly manifested on the skin, resulting in cumulative changes in skin structure …

As the most voluminous organ of the body that is exposed to the outer environment, the skin
suffers from both intrinsic and extrinsic aging factors. Skin aging is characterized by features …

Skin aging is a complex process influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Together, these
factors affect the structure and function of the epidermis and dermis. Histologically, aging …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical for the progression of cardiovascular diseases,
inflammations and tumors. However, the mechanisms of how ROS sense metabolic stress …

There is increasing evidence that skin aging is significantly enforced by the accumulation of
senescent dermal fibroblasts. Various stressors damaging macromolecules inside and …

The aging process worsens the human body functions at multiple levels, thus causing its
gradual decrease to resist stress, damage, and disease. Besides changes in gene …

As ultraviolet (UV) radiation is naturally and ubiquitously emitted by the sun, almost
everyone is exposed to it on a daily basis, and it is necessary for normal physiological …