This chapter focuses on sedation and anesthesia of the neonatal foal; information regarding
anesthesia of pediatric and juvenile foals can be found elsewhere. Common reasons for …

Objective To refine a composite scale for pain evaluation in rabbits and evaluate it for pain
variations over time. To determine the differences between objective-Centro Animali Non …

OBJECTIVE To investigate effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) or HA combined with chondroitin
sulfate (CS) and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (NAG) by use of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro …

Twelve adult horses were randomly assigned to 2 groups in a prospective experimental trial.
A pneumatic tourniquet (425 mmHg) was placed, under sedation, proximal to the carpus on …

The study aims to evaluate whether the analgesic effect of intra‐articular (IA) route of
xylazine administered to horses following arthroscopic surgery is due to a local or a systemic …

Intra-articular administration of analgesics is performed to ensure good perioperative pain
management avoiding undesirable systemic effects. To evaluate the effect of intra-articular …

A 20-year-old Quarter Horse gelding was presented with severe right forelimb lameness (5/5
AAEP Lameness Scale) due to a tear of the superficial digital flexor muscle which was …

Osteoarthritis is a pain-associated progressive disease and pain mediators, such as opioid
receptors, expressed in articular cartilage could represent novel therapeutic targets. Acute …

The content of this chapter highlights the pharmacology of drugs that act as agonists, partial
agonists, agonist‐antagonists and antagonists at opioid receptors. This includes …

All pain management techniques and drugs have the potential to produce complications
related to the technique itself or due to the drugs' side effects; however, the benefits related …