Islets of Langerhans are islands of endocrine cells scattered throughout the pancreas. A
number of new studies have pointed to the potential for conversion of non-β islet cells in to …

Leptin and ghrelin are two hormones that have been recognized to have a major influence
on energy balance. Leptin is a mediator of long‐term regulation of energy balance …

Background Sleep duration may be an important regulator of body weight and metabolism.
An association between short habitual sleep time and increased body mass index (BMI) has …

Heterotrimeric G proteins are key players in transmembrane signaling by coupling a huge
variety of receptors to channel proteins, enzymes, and other effector molecules. Multiple …

Obesity presents a major health hazard of the 21st century. It promotes co-morbid diseases
such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, certain types of cancer, and …

Ghrelin is a gastric peptide hormone, discovered as being the endogenous ligand of growth
hormone secretagogue receptor. Ghrelin is a 28 amino acid peptide presenting a unique n …

OBJECTIVE: This review discusses androgen status in male and female obesity, according
to their specific phenotype, and the main mechanisms responsible. DESIGN: Published data …

The role of gastrointestinal hormones in the regulation of appetite is reviewed. The
gastrointestinal tract is the largest endocrine organ in the body. Gut hormones function to …

Endocannabinoids and ghrelin are potent appetite stimulators and are known to interact at a
hypothalamic level. However, both also have important peripheral actions, including …

Ghrelin, a powerful orexigenic peptide released from the gut, stimulates feeding when
injected centrally and has thus far been implicated in regulation of metabolic, rather than …