In 2004, 12.5 percent of births in the United States were preterm; that is, born at less than 37
completed weeks of gestation. This rate has increased steadily in the past decade. There …

Human alteration of the nitrogen cycle has resulted in steadily accumulating nitrate in our
water resources. The US maximum contaminant level and World Health Organization …

Background Low-income and minority communities often face disproportionately high
pollutant exposures. The lead crisis in Flint, Michigan, has sparked concern about broader …

Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the main predictors of infant mortality. The global incidence
of LBW is around 17%, although estimates vary from 19% in the developing countries …

This review summarizes the level of epidemiologic evidence for relationships between
prenatal and/or early life exposure to environmental chemical contaminants and fetal, child …

We report the development of a novel colorimetric nitrite and nitrate ion assay based upon
gold nanoparticle probes functionalized with Griess reaction reagents. This assay takes …

In this review we present an update on maternal exposure to nitrates in drinking water in
relation to possible adverse reproductive and developmental effects, and also discuss …

Exposure to low levels of nitrate in drinking water may have adverse reproductive effects.
We reviewed evidence about the association between nitrate in drinking water and adverse …

Background: Nitrate is a widespread groundwater contaminant and a leading cause of
drinking water quality violations in California. Associations between nitrate exposure and …

Background Prenatal nitrate exposure from household tap water has been associated with
increased risk of fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, birth defects, and childhood cancer …