Although differential transcription drives the development of multicellular organisms, the
ultimate readout of a protein-coding gene is ribosome-dependent mRNA translation …

The SARS-CoV-2 delta variant (B. 1.617. 2) appeared for the first time in December 2020
and later spread worldwide. Currently available vaccines are not so efficacious in curbing …

Background Codon usage and nucleotide composition of coding sequences have profound
effects on protein expression. However, while it is recognized that different tissues have …

While protein synthesis is vital for the majority of cell types of the human body, diversely
differentiated cells require specific translation regulation. This suggests the specialization of …

Motivation Codon usage preference patterns have been associated with modulation of
translation efficiency, protein folding, and mRNA decay. However, new studies support that …

Codon optimality is a major determinant of mRNA translation and degradation rates.
However, whether and through which mechanisms its effects are regulated remains poorly …

Introduction: Apoptosis and autophagy are the two fundamental processes involved in
maintaining homeostasis, and a common stimulus may initiate the processes. Autophagy …

Neurodegenerative disorders are often a culmination of the accumulation of abnormally
folded proteins and defective organelles. Autophagy is a process of removing these …

Nonoptimal synonymous codons repress gene expression, but the underlying mechanisms
are poorly understood. We and others have previously shown that nonoptimal codons slow …

Cells exhibit stress responses to various environmental changes. Among these responses,
the integrated stress response (ISR) plays a pivotal role as a crucial stress signaling …