Increasing evidence indicates the involvement of B cells in the pathogenesis of multiple
sclerosis (MS), but their precise roles are unclear. In this Review, we provide an overview of …

The success of clinical trials of selective B‐cell depletion in patients with relapsing multiple
sclerosis (MS) and primary progressive MS has led to a conceptual shift in the …

Investigation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the diagnostic work-up in suspected multiple
sclerosis (MS) patients has regained attention in the latest version of the diagnostic criteria …

Interest in CD8+ T cells and B cells was initially inspired by observations in multiple
sclerosis rather than in animal models: CD8+ T cells predominate in multiple sclerosis …

Clinical trial results of peripheral B cell depletion indicate abnormal proinflammatory B cell
properties, and particularly antibody-independent functions, contribute to relapsing MS …

Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) requires the exclusion of other possible diagnoses. For
this reason, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) should be routinely analysed in patients with a first …

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the CNS with an
unknown aetiology. Although intrathecal immunoglobulin G (IgG) synthesis is a key feature …

The etiology of autoimmune diseases is due to a combination of genetic predisposition and
environmental factors that alter the expression of immune regulatory genes through various …

Oligoclonal IgM bands restricted to cerebrospinal fluid are an unfavorable prognostic marker
in MS, the most common demyelinating disease of the CNS. We have attempted to identify …

B cells have long played an enigmatic role in the scenario of multiple sclerosis
pathogenesis. This review summarizes recent progress in our understanding of B‐cell …