With the recent FDA approval of the first siRNA‐derived therapeutic, RNA interference
(RNAi)‐mediated gene therapy is undergoing a transition from research to the clinical …

Cholesterol modulates the bilayer structure of biological membranes in multiple ways. It
changes the fluidity, thickness, compressibility, water penetration and intrinsic curvature of …

In recent years, various nanotechnology platforms in the area of medical biology, including
both diagnostics and therapy, have gained remarkable attention. Moreover, research and …

Diverse membrane fusion reactions in biology involve close contact between two lipid
bilayers, followed by the local distortion of the individual bilayers and reformation into a …

Dengue virus enters a host cell when the viral envelope glycoprotein, E, binds to a receptor
and responds by conformational rearrangement to the reduced pH of an endosome. The …

Viruses have evolved to enter cells from all three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea and
Eukaryotes. Of more than 3,600 known viruses, hundreds can infect human cells and most of …

HIV entry involves binding of the trimeric viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) gp120/gp41 to
cell surface receptors, which triggers conformational changes in Env that drive the …

Recent research has provided an abundance of new information on membrane
biochemistry. Now more than ever, it is essential to update our current understanding of …

During membrane fusion, the outer leaflets of the two membranes merge first, whereas the
distal membrane leaflets remain separate until the opening of a fusion pore. This …

Coronaviruses are a major infectious disease threat, and include the zoonotic-origin human
pathogens SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV (SARS-2, SARS-1, and MERS). Entry …