Cancer therapeutic strategies include surgeries, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted
therapy and immunotherapies. However, current cancer treatment still faces challenges …

Exosomes are the smallest subtype of mobile extracellular vesicles (EVs), and round sacs
with a diameter between 30 and 120 nm are released by almost all cell types into the …

Despite the considerable advancements in oncology, cancer remains one of the leading
causes of death worldwide. Drug resistance mechanisms acquired by cancer cells and …

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), including exosomes as typical example, are cell-derived
vesicles comprising lipid bilayer with a diameter approximately 100 nm. sEVs are …

In recent years, the incidence of critical-size bone defects has significantly increased. Critical-
size bone defects seriously affect patients' motor functions and quality of life and increase …

In the 21st century, research on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has made remarkable
advancements. Recently, researchers have uncovered the exceptional biological features of …

In the modern era of rapid development and advancement in cancer therapeutics and
management, there is a growing awareness in the application of exosomes as a potential …

Targeting of therapeutic agents to their specific site of action not only increases the treatment
efficacy, but also reduces systemic toxicity. Therefore, various drug delivery systems (DDSs) …

Nanosized extracellular vesicles (nEV) are released by all the eukaryotic cells into the
extracellular spaces. They serve as crucial mediators of intercellular communication, and …

Exosomes are a unique type of extracellular vesicles that contain a plethora of biological
cargo such as miRNA, mRNA, long non-coding RNA, DNA, proteins and lipids. Exosomes …