Skin wounds greatly affect the global healthcare system, creating a substantial burden on
the economy and society. Moreover, the situation is exacerbated by low healing rates, which …

Environmental exposure plays a major role in the development of allergic diseases. The
exposome can be classified into internal (eg, aging, hormones, and metabolic processes) …

The coagulase-negative bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis is a member of the human
skin microbiota. S. epidermidis is not merely a passive resident on skin but actively primes …

The interplay between the commensal microbiota and the mammalian immune system
development and function includes multifold interactions in homeostasis and disease. The …

Effector CD8+ T cells are typically thought to be a homogenous group of cytotoxic cells that
produce interferon-(IFN) γ. However, recent findings have challenged this notion because …

As the most dominant cell type in the skin, keratinocytes play critical roles in wound repair
not only as structural cells but also exerting important immune functions. This review focuses …

Certain bacterial colonists induce a highly specific T cell response. A hallmark of this
encounter is that adaptive immunity develops preemptively, in the absence of an infection …

The immune system has coevolved with extensive microbial communities living on barrier
sites that are collectively known as the microbiota. It is increasingly clear that microbial …

The human fetal immune system begins to develop early during gestation; however, factors
responsible for fetal immune-priming remain elusive. We explored potential exposure to …

The interleukin 17 (IL-17) family of cytokines contains 6 structurally related cytokines, IL-17A
through IL-17F. IL-17A, the prototypical member of this family, just passed the 25 th …