Abstract Background Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) are ubiquitous substances
that are found in our everyday lives, including pesticides, plasticizers, pharmaceutical …

Epidemiologic studies have contributed importantly to current knowledge of environmental
and genetic risk factors for breast cancer. Worldwide, breast cancer is an important cause of …

Due to uncontrolled use for several decades, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT),
probably the best known and most useful insecticide in the world, has damaged wildlife and …

Background Previous studies of DDT and breast cancer assessed exposure later in life
when the breast may not have been vulnerable, after most DDT had been eliminated, and …

The polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are synthetic organochlorine chemicals that were
useful industrial products in the past, but their production was ended because they persist in …

Most research on the effects of chemicals on biologic systems is conducted on one chemical
at a time. However, in the real world people are exposed to mixtures, not single chemicals …

Parabens are a group of the alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and typically include
methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, isobutylparaben …

Laboratory research has shown that numerous environmental pollutants cause mammary
gland tumors in animals; are hormonally active, specifically mimicking estrogen, which is a …

Context Many biomarkers are proposed in highly cited studies as determinants of disease
risk, prognosis, or response to treatment, but few eventually transform clinical practice …

Background Estrogen-mimicking endocrine disruptors (EEDs) such as polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs), bisphenol A (BPA), and phthalates have been found ubiquitously …