Two and a half years into the COVID-19 pandemic, we have gained many insights into the
human antibody response to the causative SARS-CoV-2 virus. In this Review, we …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen
responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has resulted in …

The innate immune response is critical for recognizing and controlling infections through the
release of cytokines and chemokines. However, severe pathology during some infections …

Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have an increased risk for severe COVID-
19 disease and mortality. The goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of COVID-19 …

The host response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
infection can result in prolonged pathologies collectively referred to as post-acute sequalae …

The adaptive immune system is important for control of most viral infections. The three
fundamental components of the adaptive immune system are B cells (the source of …

Background The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic
has led to the development of various vaccines. Real-life data on immune responses elicited …

Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are reported to have a greater
prevalence of hyperglycaemia. Cytokine release as a consequence of severe acute …

The coronavirus membrane protein (M) is the most abundant viral structural protein and
plays a central role in virus assembly and morphogenesis. However, the process of M …

More than six billion tests for COVID-19 has been already performed in the world. The
testing for SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2) virus and …