Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading global cause of death
and disproportionately concentrate among those living in low-income and middle-income …

Background Rising health spending is associated with high out-of-pocket expenditure
(OOPE), catastrophic health spending (CHS), increasing poverty, and impoverishment …

Background Medical ethics deals with the ethical obligations of doctors to their patients,
colleagues and society. The annual reports of Sri Lanka Medical Council indicate that the …

Background The mixture of public vs. private financing of the healthcare system has
important fiscal and economic welfare implications. The consequences of this mixture for …

This study analyses the decision to take private tutoring and the associated tutoring
expenses by the households in Bangladesh, using information collected from more than …

The priority aim of this study is to investigate the effect of carbon footprint, which is an
indicator of environmental degradation, on health expenditures for the USA. In the study …

Objective We report inequity in out-of-pocket payments (OOPP) for hospitalisation in India
between 1995 and 2014 contrasting older population (60 years or more) with a population …

This study identifies the driving forces that contribute to the probabilities of incidence of out‐
of‐pocket (OOP) expenditures by households in Turkey. Factors affecting the probability of …

Background As low-and middle-income countries progress toward Universal Health
Coverage, there is an increasing focus on measuring out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure and …

ABSTRACT Universal Health Coverage is one of the key targets of the Sustainable
Development Goals and it implies that everyone can access the healthcare they need …