In drinking water distribution systems (DWDS), biofilms are the predominant mode of
microbial growth, with the presence of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) protecting …

Many bacterial species have been found to exist in a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state
since its discovery in 1982. VBNC cells are characterized by a loss of culturability on routine …

The antibacterial action of silver is utilized in numerous consumer products and medical
devices. Metallic silver, silver salts, and also silver nanoparticles are used for this purpose …

Waterborne pathogens and related diseases are a major public health concern worldwide,
not only by the morbidity and mortality that they cause, but by the high cost that represents …

Environmental influences on antibiotic activity and resistance can wreak havoc with in vivo
antibiotic efficacy and, ultimately, antimicrobial chemotherapy. In nature, bacteria encounter …

Under stress conditions, many species of bacteria enter into starvation mode of metabolism
or a physiologically viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state. Several human pathogenic …

Most microorganisms on Earth live in various aggregates which are generally termed
“biofilms”. They are ubiquitous and represent the most successful form of life. They are the …

The occurrence of a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state in bacteria may dramatically
underestimate the health risks associated with drinking water. Therefore, the potential for UV …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that is widely occurring in
the environment and is recognized for its capacity to form or join biofilms. The present review …

This study aims to assess the removal efficiency of microbial contaminants in a local
wastewater treatment plant over the duration of one year, and to assess the microbial risk …