The efficacy of Roux-en-Y gastric-bypass (RYGB) and other bariatric surgeries in the
management of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and novel developments in …

Obesity develops when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure over time. Numerous
neurotransmitters, hormones, and factors have been implicated to coordinately control …

Background The gut microbiota is now known to play an important role contributing to
inflammatory-based chronic diseases. This study examined intestinal integrity/inflammation …

The construction of bioactive peptides using β-amino acid-containing sequence patterns is a
very promising strategy to obtain analogues that exhibit properties of high interest for …

The last decade has witnessed a marked increase in our understanding of the importance of
gut hormones in the regulation of energy homeostasis. In particular, the discovery that the …

High levels of NPY expression in brain regions important for learning and memory together
with its neuromodulatory and neurotrophic effects suggest a regulatory role for NPY in …

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster ofassociated metabolic traits that collectively confer
unsurpassed risk for development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes …

Leptin and insulin have been identified as fuel sensors acting in part through their
hypothalamic receptors to inhibit food intake and stimulate energy expenditure. As their …

The neuropeptide Y (NPY) system is a multireceptor/multiligand system consisting of four
receptors in humans (hY1, hY2, hY4, hY5) and three agonists (NPY, PYY, PP) that activate …

Obesity is one of the greatest public health challenges of the 21st century with 1.6 billion
adults currently classified as being overweight and 400 million as obese. Obesity is causally …