Interleukin 6 (IL-6), which was originally identified as a B-cell differentiation factor, is now
known to be a multifunctional cytokine that regulates the immune response, hematopoiesis …

The gastrointestinal tract is lined by a single layer of epithelial cells that secrete mucus
toward the lumen, which collectively separates the immune sentinels in the underlying …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by chronic inflammation that is
associated with structural damage of the lung and fibrosis. Although the etiology of IPF is …

METHODS Cytokine genotyping was performed utilizing polymerase chain reaction. The
specific gene polymorphisms that were probed for included:− 1082 (G/A),− 819 (T/C), and …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that preferentially affects
individuals above 60 years, with increasing risk in older ages. Neuropathological hallmarks …

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an innate immune receptor that is constitutively and inducibly
activated in monocytes. Although TLR4 is expressed at very low levels on human B cells …

Background/purpose: Altered production of immunoregulatory cytokines is associated with
the development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm very low-birth-weight (VLBW) …

Introduction 3. Pathogenesis of perinatal brain injury 3.1. Intraventricular hemorrhage 3.2.
Periventricular leukomalacia 3.3. Role of inflammation in perinatal brain injury 3.3. 1. Animal …

The intestinal epithelium provides a barrier against commensal and pathogenic
microorganisms. Barrier dysfunction promotes chronic inflammation, which can drive the …

Activated innate immune cells mediate a variety of protective and proinflammatory mucosal
immune responses with key roles in clearance of microbial pathogens, recruitment of …