The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is one of the most widely studied patterns in ecology,
yet no consensus has been reached about its underlying causes. We argue that the reasons …

Today, biodiversity decreases from equatorial to polar regions. This is a fundamental pattern
governing the distribution of extant organisms, the understanding of which is critical to …

INTRODUCTION Individual processes that shape geographical patterns of biodiversity are
increasingly understood, but their complex interactions on broad spatial and temporal scales …

Using known occurrences of species and correlational modeling approaches has become a
common paradigm in broad-scale ecology and biogeography, yet important aspects of the …

Understanding the causes of spatial variation in species richness is a major research focus
of biogeography and macroecology. Gridded environmental data and species richness …

Geographic characters—traits describing the spatial distribution of a species—may both
affect and be affected by processes associated with lineage birth and death. This is …

In this essay, I argue that the seemingly indestructible concept of the community as a local,
interacting assemblage of species has hindered progress toward understanding species …

Nonnative species richness typically declines along environmental gradients such as
elevation. It is usually assumed that this is because few invaders possess the necessary …

The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG), where the number of species increases from the
poles to the Equator, ranks among the broadest and most notable biodiversity patterns on …

We present a complete phylogeny of macroperforate planktonic foraminifer species of the
Cenozoic Era (∼ 65 million years ago to present). The phylogeny is developed from a large …