Cardiovascular disease is the leading global health concern and responsible for more
deaths worldwide than any other type of disorder. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory …

Purpose The conventional techniques for the preparation of reconstituted high-density
lipoprotein (rHDL) are hampered by long process times, the need for large amounts of …

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of death and disability in the world. Heart
disease and strokes are among the top five leading causes of death. In 2010, ischemic heart …

Background and aim The complex dynamic interplay between different biological pathways
involved in atherosclerosis development has rendered the identification of specific …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the leading cause of global mortality,
underscoring the need for effective diagnosis and treatment strategies. This chapter …

Background The tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is one of the
inflammatory mediators contributing to the atherosclerotic process. TWEAK has been …

Hyperlipidemia is a major factor that can promote atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis-
related conditions. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the epidemic of modern civilization in …

Coronary artery disease (CAD) also known as coronary heart disease (CHD) is described as
the pathologic process affecting the coronary arteries, while atherosclerotic cardiovascular …

Macrophages are known to play an important role in the initiation and progression of
atherosclerosis; however, the molecular signaling pathways in macrophages that are …

The flow of biomagnetic fluid is considerably influenced by the presence of magnetic field
especially in the case of spatially varying magnetic field. Blood is known as the most …