The use of antibiotics in agriculture is routinely described as a major contributor to the
clinical problem of resistant disease in human medicine. While a link is plausible, there are …

Streptococcus pneumoniae inflicts a huge disease burden as the leading cause of
community-acquired pneumonia and meningitis. Soon after mainstream antibiotic usage …

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a major human pathogen producing
structurally diverse capsular polysaccharides. Widespread use of highly successful …

The overuse, misuse, and underuse of antibiotics tend to increase the antibiotic burden in
the environment resulting into the evolution in microbial community to possess resistance …

The determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of a clinical isolate, especially with
increasing resistance, is often crucial for the optimal antimicrobial therapy of infected …

The development of resistance to antibiotics by reductions in the affinities of their enzymatic
targets occurs most rapidly for antibiotics that inactivate a single target and that are not …

Infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria represent a major public
health burden, not just in terms of morbidity and mortality, but also in terms of increased …

Characterizing the genetic diversity of pathogens within the host promises to greatly improve
surveillance and reconstruction of transmission chains. For bacteria, it also informs our …

Antibiotic resistance can be acquired by mutation or horizontal transfer of a resistance gene,
and generally an acquired mechanism results in a predictable increase in phenotypic …

Since the first introduction of the sulfa drugs and penicillin into clinical use, large numbers of
antibiotics have been developed and hence contributed to human health. But extensive use …