Interleukin-1 beta (IL1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) promote non-rapid eye
movement sleep under physiological and inflammatory conditions. Additional cytokines are …

Research in the neurosciences continues to provide evidence that sleep plays a role in the
processes of learning and memory. There is less of a consensus, however, regarding the …

The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mediates the plasticity-related changes that
associate with memory processing during sleep. Sleep deprivation and chronic stress are …

Adenosine is directly linked to the energy metabolism of cells. In the central nervous system
(CNS) an increase in neuronal activity enhances energy consumption as well as …

Aims/Objectives/Background: A significant number of people who experience chronic pain
also complain of depression and sleep problems. The comorbidities and bidirectional …

Slow-wave activity (SWA), the EEG power between 0.5 and 4 Hz during non-rapid eye
movement (NREM) sleep, is one of the best characterized markers of sleep need, because it …

[Frontiers in Bioscience 8, d520-550, May 1, 2003] 520 BIOCHEMICAL REGULATION OF
NON-RAPID-EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP Ferenc Obal Jr. 1 Page 1 [Frontiers in Bioscience 8 …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin regulating synaptic plasticity,
neuronal excitability, and nociception. It seems to be one of the key molecules in interactions …

The hypothesis that sleep promotes learning and memory has long been a subject of active
investigation. This hypothesis implies that sleep must facilitate synaptic plasticity in some …

Abstract Study Objective: Slow-wave activity (SWA; 0.5–4.0 Hz) during non-rapid eye
movement (NREM) sleep is a reliable indicator of sleep need, as it increases with the …