Sound localization critically relies on brainstem neurons that compare information from the
two ears. The conventional role of the lateral superior olive (LSO) is extraction of intensity …

The auditory brain stem response (ABR) is an evoked potential that indexes a cascade of
neural events elicited by sound. In the present study we evaluated the influence of sound …

Many neurons in the auditory midbrain are tuned to binaural cues. Two prominent binaural
cues are the interaural level difference (ILD) and the interaural time difference (ITD). The ITD …

The neurons of the medial superior olive (MSO) of mammals extract azimuthal information
from the delays between sounds reaching the two ears [interaural time differences (ITDs)] …

Low-frequency interaural time differences and high-frequency interaural level differences
(ILDs) are used to localize sounds in the horizontal plane. Older listeners appear to be …

Spatial hearing remains one of the major challenges for bilateral cochlear implant (biCI)
users, and early deaf patients in particular are often completely insensitive to interaural time …

Studies of in vivo neuronal responses to auditory inputs in the superior olive complex (SOC)
are usually done under anesthesia. However, little attention has been paid to the effect of …

Objective assessment of spatial and binaural hearing deficits remains a major clinical
challenge. The binaural interaction component (BIC) of the auditory brainstem response …

The auditory part of the brainstem is composed of several nuclei specialized in the
computation of the different spectral and temporal features of the sound before it reaches the …

The principal neurons (PNs) of the lateral superior olive nucleus (LSO) are an important
component of mammalian brainstem circuits that compare activity between the two ears and …