Ischemic heart disease still represents a large burden on individuals and health care
resources worldwide. By conventions, it is equated with atherosclerotic plaque due to flow …

Many patients with chest pain undergoing coronary angiography do not show significant
obstructive coronary lesions. A substantial proportion of these patients have abnormalities in …

This consensus document, a summary of the views of an expert panel organized by the
European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI), appraises the …

This review takes an inclusive approach to microvascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus
and cardiometabolic disease. In virtually every organ, dynamic interactions between the …

In 2008, the Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of patients with vasospastic angina
(coronary spastic angina) 1 were developed by the Japanese Circulation Society, and the …

Although myocardial ischaemia usually manifests as a consequence of atherosclerosis-
dependent obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease, a significant percentage of …

In recent years, it has become apparent that coronary microvascular dysfunction plays a
pivotal pathogenic role in angina pectoris. Functional and structural mechanisms can affect …

In the vast majority of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), there are well-described differences
between women and men in epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, effects …

Aims To provide multi-national, multi-ethnic data on the clinical characteristics and
prognosis of patients with microvascular angina (MVA). Methods and results The Coronary …

This consensus document, a summary of the views of an expert panel organized by the
European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI), appraises the …