Human skeletal muscle demonstrates remarkable plasticity, adapting to numerous external
stimuli including the habitual level of contractile loading. Accordingly, muscle function and …

Biological sex is a primary determinant of athletic performance because of fundamental sex
differences in anatomy and physiology dictated by sex chromosomes and sex hormones …

Only in recent years, thanks to a precision medicine-based approach, have treatments
tailored to the sex of each patient emerged in clinical trials. In this regard, both striated …

Rapid force production and its transmission to the skeleton are important factors in
movements that involve the stretch-shortening cycle. Plyometric exercises are known to …

The (patho-) physiological responses to hypoxia are highly heterogeneous between
individuals. In this review, we focused on the roles of sex differences, which emerge as …

Sex as a biological variable is an underappreciated aspect of biomedical research, with its
importance emerging in more recent years. This review assesses the current understanding …

Background Running biomechanics is considered an important determinant of running
economy (RE). However, studies examining associations between running biomechanics …

Abstract Myths of “Man the Hunter” and male biological superiority persist in interpretations
and reconstructions of human evolution. Although there are uncontroversial average …

The purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies
examining the differences in the mean propulsive velocities between men and women in the …

Advanced footwear technology (AFT) is currently being debated in sports. There is a direct
evidence that distance running in AFT improves running economy. In addition, there is …