Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality and is
independently associated with cardiovascular disease. The mainstay of treatment for CKD is …

Feed is one of the most important external signals in fish that stimulates its feeding behavior
and growth. The intake of feed is the main factor determining efficiency and cost, maximizing …

Endothelium is the largest organ in the body strategically located between the wall of blood
vessels and the blood stream. The human body contains approximately 1013 endothelial …

Background—Apelin, the endogenous ligand for the novel G protein–coupled receptor APJ,
has major cardiovascular effects in preclinical models. The study objectives were to …

Objectives: This study was designed to establish the direct vascular effects of apelin in vivo
in man. Background: Apelin is the endogenous ligand for the previously orphaned G-protein …

Background: Patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction after myocardial infarction
are at a high risk of developing heart failure. The addition of neprilysin inhibition to renin …

A gene encoding a novel class a G-protein-coupled receptor was discovered in 1993 by
homology cloning and was called APJ. It was designated an “orphan” receptor until 1998 …

Apelin has been identified as the endogenous ligand of the human orphan G protein–
coupled receptor APJ. This peptide exerts a variety of cardiovascular effects and particularly …

Insulin resistance is a main feature of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several
mechanisms linking obesity to insulin resistance have been proposed. Adipose tissue …

Apelin and its G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) have emerged as a key signalling
pathway in the cardiovascular system. The peptide is a potent inotropic agent and …