Throughout Earth's history, CO2 is thought to have exerted a fundamental control on
environmental change. Here we review and revise CO2 reconstructions from boron isotopes …

Atom probe tomography (APT) provides three-dimensional compositional mapping with sub-
nanometre resolution. The sensitivity of APT is in the range of parts per million for all …

From small molecules to entire organisms, evolution has refined biological structures at the
nanoscale, microscale and macroscale to be chiral—that is, mirror dissymmetric. Chirality …

Interfacial reactions drive all elemental cycling on Earth and play pivotal roles in human
activities such as agriculture, water purification, energy production and storage …

Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) biomineralizing organisms have played major roles in the
history of life and the global carbon cycle during the past 541 Ma. Both marine diversification …

Atom probe tomography (APT) is an analytical technique that provides quantitative three‐
dimensional elemental and isotopic analyses at sub‐nanometre resolution across the whole …

The skeleton of reef-building coral harbors diverse microbial communities that could
compensate for metabolic deficiencies caused by the loss of algal endosymbionts, ie, coral …

Membrane desalination that enables the harvesting of purified water from unconventional
sources such as seawater, brackish groundwater, and wastewater has become …

There has been a recent surge in the use of cryo and/or vacuum specimen preparation and
transfer systems to broaden the scope of research enabled by the microscopy technique of …

Biominerals are organic–mineral composites formed by living organisms. They are the
hardest and toughest tissues in those organisms, are often polycrystalline, and their …