Reactive oxygen species (ROS), previously considered toxic by-products of aerobic
metabolism, are increasingly recognized as regulators of cellular signaling. Keeping ROS …

The cancer burden continues to grow globally, and drug resistance remains a substantial
challenge in cancer therapy. It is well established that cancerous cells with clonal dysplasia …

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex disease with a poor outlook for
patients in advanced stages. Immune cells play an important role in the progression of HCC …

Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a heterogeneous disease with a dismal
prognosis for advanced tumors. Immune-associated cells in the microenvironment …

Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the most common head
and neck cancer, is highly aggressive and heterogeneous, resulting in variable prognoses …

Background Regulatory T cells (Tregs), are a key class of cell types in the immune system. In
the tumor microenvironment (TME), the presence of Tregs has important implications for …

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most frequent cancer in
humans globally. In addition to smoking and drinking, genetic and epigenetic changes also …

In recent decades, immunotherapy has emerged as a groundbreaking approach in cancer
treatment, offering new hope for patients. However, its efficacy remains limited due to low …

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprises a multifarious and heterogeneous array of
illnesses characterized by the anomalous proliferation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow …

Background Leukemic cell metabolism plays significant roles in their proliferation and
survival. These metabolic adaptations are under regulation by different factors. Programmed …