Copper is one of the most abundant basic transition metals in the human body. It takes part
in oxygen metabolism, collagen synthesis, and skin pigmentation, maintaining the integrity …

Summary β‐site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme‐1 (BACE1) research has
historically focused on its actions as the β‐secretase responsible for the production of β …

Toxic aggregated amyloid-β accumulation is a key pathogenic event in Alzheimer's disease
(AD), which derives from amyloid precursor protein (APP) through sequential cleavage by …

Bile acids (BA) are amphipathic steroid acids synthesized from cholesterol in the liver. They
act as detergents to expedite the digestion and absorption of dietary lipids and lipophilic …

Macroautophagy, hereafter referred to as autophagy, is a bulk degradation process
performed by lysosomes in which aggregated and altered proteins as well as dysfunctional …

Long non-coding RNAs were once considered as “junk” RNA produced by aberrant DNA
transcription. They are now understood to play central roles in diverse cellular processes …

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD)
and frontotemporal dementias (FTD), are considered distinct entities, however, there is …

Neuronal aging increases the risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease. During normal aging,
synapses decline, and β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulates intraneuronally. However, little is known …

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) internalization via clathrin-/dynamin-mediated endocytosis
(CME) mediated by its YENPTY motif into endosomes containing β-secretase is proposed to …

Over 25 years have passed since peroxisome proliferators‐activated receptors (PPARs),
were first described. Like other members of the nuclear receptors superfamily, PPARs have …