Taste receptors function as one of the interfaces between internal and external milieus.
Taste receptors for sweet and umami (T1R [taste receptor, type 1]), bitter (T2R [taste …

All characters and trait systems in an organism share a common evolutionary history that
can be estimated using phylogenetic methods. However, differential rates of change and the …

Mammalian sweet taste is primarily mediated by the type 1 taste receptor Tas1r2/Tas1r3,
whereas Tas1r1/Tas1r3 act as the principal umami taste receptor. Bitter taste is mediated by …

Vertebrate Tas2r taste receptors bind to bitter compounds, which are typically poisonous, to
elicit bitter sensation to prevent the ingestion of toxins. Previous studies noted a marked …

Vampire bats are the only mammals that feed exclusively on blood. To uncover genomic
changes associated with this dietary adaptation, we generated a haplotype-resolved …

Although it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda is a vegetarian with 99% of its
diet being bamboo. The draft genome sequence of the giant panda shows that its umami …

Gene duplication is widely believed to facilitate adaptation, but unambiguous evidence for
this hypothesis has been found in only a small number of cases. Although gene duplication …

Taste receptor genes are functionally important in animals, with a surprising exception in the
bottlenose dolphin, which shows extensive losses of sweet, umami, and bitter taste receptor …

That the perceptual world of human taste is made up of four or five basic taste qualities is
commonly accepted in the field of taste perception. Nevertheless, critics identify two issues …

Nervous systems allow animals to acutely respond and behaviorally adapt to changes and
recurring patterns in their environment at multiple timescales—from milliseconds to years …