Over the past decades, the number of patients with dry eye disease (DED) has increased
dramatically. The incidence of DED is higher in Asia than in Europe and North America …

The goals of the TFOS DEWS II Definition and Classification Subcommittee were to create
an evidence-based definition and a contemporary classification system for dry eye disease …

The subcommittee reviewed the prevalence, incidence, risk factors, natural history, morbidity
and questionnaires reported in epidemiological studies of dry eye disease (DED). A meta …

The members of the Management and Therapy Subcommittee undertook an evidence-
based review of current dry eye therapies and management options. Management options …

The members of the Tear Film Subcommittee reviewed the role of the tear film in dry eye
disease (DED). The Subcommittee reviewed biophysical and biochemical aspects of tears …

Abstract The TFOS DEWS II Pathophysiology Subcommittee reviewed the mechanisms
involved in the initiation and perpetuation of dry eye disease. Its central mechanism is …

This article presents an Executive Summary of the conclusions and recommendations of the
10-chapter TFOS DEWS II report. The entire TFOS DEWS II report was published in the July …

Digital device usage has increased substantially in recent years across all age groups, so
that extensive daily use for both social and professional purposes is now normal. Digital eye …

Pain associated with mechanical, chemical, and thermal heat stimulation of the ocular
surface is mediated by trigeminal ganglion neurons, while cold thermoreceptors detect …

Dry eye can be caused by a variety of iatrogenic interventions. The increasing number of
patients looking for eye care or cosmetic procedures involving the eyes, together with a …