The gut microbiome has a tremendous influence on human physiology, including the
nervous system. During fetal development, the initial colonization of the microbiome …

Evidence from clinical, preclinical, and post-mortem studies supports the
inflammatory/immune hypothesis of schizophrenia pathogenesis. Less evident is the link …

Importance Previous in vitro and postmortem research suggests that inflammation may lead
to structural brain changes via activation of microglia and/or astrocytic dysfunction in a range …

Both the discovery of biomarkers of schizophrenia and the verification of biological
hypotheses of schizophrenia are an essential part of the process of understanding the …

Schizophrenia is associated with increased levels of oxidative stress, as reflected by an
increase in the concentrations of damaging reactive species and a reduction in anti-oxidant …

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a psychiatric disorder that can include symptoms of disorganized
speech and thoughts with uncertain underlying mechanisms possibly linked to over …

Objective Immune system dysfunction is hypothesised to contribute to structural brain
changes through aberrant synaptic pruning in schizophrenia. However, evidence is mixed …

Recent findings render the pruning machinery a potential target for early treatment and
prevention in individuals at high risk for SCZ. Minocycline can improve cognition in SCZ …

Although there is convergent evidence for blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and
peripheral inflammation in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD), it is unknown …

With new data about different aspects of schizophrenia being continually generated, it
becomes necessary to periodically revisit exactly what we know. Along with a need to review …