Industrial effluents/wastewater are the main sources of hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI))
pollutants in the environment. Cr (VI) pollution has become one of the world's most serious …

Chromium (Cr) is a potentially toxic metal originating from natural processes and
anthropogenic activities such as the iron-steel, electroplating, and leather industries, which …

In recent decades, environmental pollution has emerged as a core issue, around the globe,
rendering it of fundamental concern to eco-toxicologists, environmental biologists, eco …

Plants are very often confronted by different heavy metal (HM) stressors that adversely
impair their growth and productivity. Among HMs, chromium (Cr) is one of the most prevalent …

Industrial applications and commercial processes release a lot of chromium into the
environment (soil, surface water or atmosphere) and resulting in serious human diseases …

Heavy metal contamination is a global issue, where the prevalent contaminants are arsenic
(As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr)(VI), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb). More often, they are …

Heavy metals generated mainly through many anthropogenic processes, and some natural
processes have been a great environmental challenge and continued to be the concern of …

Contamination of soil by toxic chromium (Cr) is a rising health issue due to over-exploitation
and industrial production. Toxicity can be decreased by bioremediation because some …

Persistent toxic substances including persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals have
been released in high quantities in surface waters by industrial activities. Their presence in …

Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI) is a highly toxic and carcinogenic form of chromium (Cr) metal
and can enter the environment through improper treatment of industrial wastewater …