Under physiological conditions, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is present at low levels in the
extracellular milieu, being massively released by stressed or dying cells. Once outside the …

Danger sensing is one of the most fundamental evolutionary features enabling multicellular
organisms to perceive potential threats, escape from risky situations, fight actual intruders …

Solid cancers exhibit a dynamic balance between cell death and proliferation ensuring
continuous tumour maintenance and growth,. Increasing evidence links enhanced cancer …

Extracellular nucleotides (eg, ATP, ADP, UTP, UDP) released by inflammatory cells interact
with specific purinergic P2 type receptors to modulate their recruitment and activation. The …

Most of us live blissfully unaware of the orchestrated function that our internal organs
conduct. When this peace is interrupted, it is often by routine sensations of hunger and urge …

Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death. Besides the direct damage resulting from oxygen
and glucose deprivation, sterile inflammation plays a pivotal role in increasing cellular …

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that radiotherapy (RT) can not only cause direct
damage to cancer cells but also lead to immunogenic cell death (ICD), which involves the …

Purinergic signaling was proposed in 1972, after it was demonstrated that adenosine 5′-
triphosphate (ATP) was a transmitter in nonadrenergic, noncholinergic inhibitory nerves …

Abstract ATP-dependent P2X3 receptors play a crucial role in the sensitization of nerve
fibers and pathological pain pathways. They are also involved in pathways triggering cough …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver
disease worldwide. A significant proportion of patients with NAFLD develop a progressive …