Due to their electrochemical and economical characteristics, pencil graphite electrodes
(PGEs) gained in recent years a large applicability to the analysis of various types of …

Phenolic compounds are bioactive natural products of considerable interest in
pharmaceuticals and biomedicines. Due to their bioactive functions, phenolic compounds …

A very simple, as well as sensitive and selective, sensing protocol was developed on a pre-
anodized graphite pencil electrode surface coated using poly (thionine)(APGE/PTH). The …

Pencil graphite (PGE), an ultralow-cost and ready-to-use disposable-type electrode, has
been used for various electrochemical and electroanalytical applications after its surface …

Antioxidants play a very critical role in many biological processes in which free radicals are
present. The physiological part of these compounds prevents damage to cellular …

Pencil graphite electrode (PGE) is an alternative, commercially available, ready-to-use,
screen-printed electrode for a wide range of electroanalytical applications. Due to the …

Anodized screen-printed electrode (ASPE) was modified by electrochemical polymerization
of 5-amino-4H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-thiol (ATT) to form a poly-ATT (PATT) film for the selective …

Phenol is a common pollutant found in wastewater, and its allowable discharge limit is 0.5
parts-per-million (ppm). Therefore, it is critical to monitor phenol in the sub-ppm range with …

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an important biomarker of bone diseases clinically measured
in blood as a routine assay by means of optical read-outs, which when compared with …

Inspired by recent reports concerning the utilisation of hand drawn pencil macroelectrodes
(PDEs), we report the fabrication, characterisation (physicochemical and electrochemical) …